già cỗi

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già cỗi

Cây cối già cỗi đứng trơ trọi trên sườn đồi.

Definition
  1. Adjective:
    • Old and decrepit; worn out and stunted: Describes something, typically a plant or tree, that has become old, exhausted, and has stopped growing due to a loss of vitality or life force. It implies a state of being both aged and physically diminished.
    • Senescent and stunted: Can be used metaphorically to describe systems, ideas, or institutions that are outdated, no longer productive, and have failed to develop further.
Usage Examples
  • Adjective:
    • Cây táo trong vườn đã già cỗi, không còn ra quả nữa. (The apple tree in the garden has become old and stunted, it no longer bears fruit.)
    • Những tư tưởng già cỗi đó cần phải được thay thế. (Those senescent and stunted ideas need to be replaced.)
    • Sau nhiều năm khai thác, mảnh đất này đã trở nên già cỗi. (After many years of cultivation, this plot of land has become worn out and depleted.)
Advanced Usage
  • Used metaphorically for non-living things: While originally describing plants, "già cỗi" is effectively used to criticize things that are obsolete and unproductive.
    • Một hệ thống giáo dục già cỗi sẽ kìm hãm sự phát triển của đất nước. (An outdated and stagnant education system will hinder a country's development.)
Variants and Related Words
  • Cằn cỗi (adj): Barren, infertile (often used for land). This is a close synonym but emphasizes lack of fertility more than advanced age.
    • Đất đai cằn cỗi. (Barren land.)
  • Già nua (adj): Old, aged. This focuses on old age but does not necessarily imply stunted growth or lack of vitality.
    • Con ngựa già nua. (The old horse.)
Synonyms
  • Cằn cọc: Stunted, undersized.
  • Lão hóa: Aged, senescent (more formal, often biological).
  • Hết nhựa sống: To have lost vitality/sap (idiomatic, literal for plants).
Antonyms
  • Tươi tốt: Lush, luxuriant.
  • Trẻ trung: Young, youthful.
  • Đầy sức sống: Full of vitality.
Related Idioms
  • "Già cỗi như cây sắn bờ rào": (As old and stunted as a cassava plant by the fence.) An idiom emphasizing a state of being utterly worn out and unproductive.
    • Cơ quan đó già cỗi như cây sắn bờ rào, cần cải tổ ngay. (That agency is as decrepit as a fence-post cassava plant and needs immediate reform.)
già cỗi

Cây cối già cỗi đứng trơ trọi trên sườn đồi.

  1. Old and stunted fruit-tree